Fall+2007,+G?

 **S. Southard comment: Be sure that you do check out the academic virtual resources offered through ECU's Joyner Library. Don't over-rely on web searches using Google, Ask, etc. You should be using peer-reviewed existing literature for your annotated bib's and literature revew projects.**  **Those comments also relate to the next activity which involves evaluating existing journal articles, books, websites, etc.** Since a lot of us are taking and online class for the first time, we felt that the subject might be of particular interest to many of us in this program. Also, distance education seems to be a fairly new and fastly growing phenomenon, especially considering the massive amount of advertising on the Internet and Television. This led us to believe that it must be a profitable business. So there should be a lot of research available, which is fairly recent. First we searched background information for “E-Learning” on Wikipedia, and Found that according to the “The Sloan Report”, 1.9 million students are participating in distance learning, and they are appealing to private institutions because of the lowered cost to offer classes. However, only half of non-profit institutions are offering distance-learning classes, and generally speaking most are satisfied with their experience. That “Distance Learning” is appealing to private, for-profit intuitions, brought up the question, how are institutions profiting from E-learning? We searched “Google”, and found good background information at: “http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/elearning/elearning.html”. Information dealt with the rapidly changing landscape of E-learning, from a corporate standpoint, to the for-Profit institutions.. It claims that online education is a $500 million dollar industry, and that was in 2002. Furthermore, it looked at the possibility of E-education becoming an opportunity for companies to offer diplomas for money, and degrade the educational value of the degree. So, to begin the search on E-Learning revenue, we first started again with a general Google search on the Internet, by typing in “revenue earned by E-Learning industry,” and we found a couple of resources that dealt with our narrowed topic.  The following website describes a company called Learnframe, one of the leading providers of E-Learning infrastructure technologies. This article announces the hiring of a new Senior Vice President of Worldwide Sales. According to the Senior Vice President, "My vision for sales and for Learnframe is to create a sales force and a reseller channel that will allow Learnframe's technology and products to become the global standard in the E-Learning industry.” http://www.learnframe.com/company/news/pressrel/20010524.asp    Next, we found this .pdf file (downloadable from the following website), which discusses different business models for E-Learning. The .pdf file states, “E-learning investments can be regarded as strategic investments of academic institutions that aim to achieve competitive advantage, both in terms of cost structures as well as effectiveness.” The .pdf file goes on to explain different revenue models for institutions that offer E-Learning.   wi.wu-wien.ac.at/~mendling/publications/05-WI.pdf Another website discussed corporate markets for E-Learning. The article also discusses the revenues earned by different E-Learning developers and providers. http://www.allbusiness.com/technology/computer-software/411921-1.html After searching the narrowed topic of revenue earned by the E-Learning industry, our group’s topic was narrowed once again. The following .pdf file offers a financial and strategic perspective of the E-Learning industry. While this article discusses several different providers of E-Learning, it gives special attention to one particular provider of E-Learning – the University of Phoenix. One of the leading E-Learning providers in the industry, the University of Phoenix projected quarterly revenues in the $500-million dollar range in 2005. Clearly, the University of Phoenix is earning a great deal of the revenue from the E-Learning industry. [|www.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/eqm0615.pdf] So, we once again narrowed our search to, “Revenue Earned by the University of Phoenix”  We began this search for revenues earned by the University of Phoenix using EBSCOhost and typing in the keywords ‘University of Phoenix’. This keyword produced a fairly large number of journal articles, not all of them pertaining to the University. However, by sifting through the articles we came across a variety of very good informational articles pertaining to the University, its revenues and other issues. <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">The following article presents an interview with Brian Mueller, the vice president and chief operating officer of the University of Phoenix Online. The article offers great insight as to how the online component of the University came about, what it offers, and the causes for the failures of other online programs. The article offers a lot of background information that is essential for understanding the boom in the revenues of the University of Phoenix Online. http://web.ebscohost.com.jproxy.lib.ecu.edu/ehost/detail?vid=1&hid=2&sid=880185ec-ba9a-414c-a724-4a7544250bab%40SRCSM2 <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">The next article we selected from the search deals with the success of the University of Phoenix Online. The article states that “Phoenix is no ordinary University. America’s largest for-profit institution has 300,000 students and counting.” It talks about how the University spends large amounts of money on mass-market advertising, noting large amounts of money spent on advertising at the Arizona Cardinals NFL stadium. The article proceeds to talk about a lawsuit by the Education Department, which sued the online University for Enrollment Malpractice, citing that they were paying professors extra money for larger classes. The article also addresses why the online University is so popular, showing enrollment numbers surging from “3,500 to 150,000 between 1998 and 2004.” http://web.ebscohost.com.jproxy.lib.ecu.edu/ehost/detail?vid=1&hid=17&sid=d201f07a-60c4-475d-b9b0-f92e7e5a5b82%40sessionmgr2 <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">So, after finding articles relevant to how the University of Phoenix Online began, how it continues to make money, and other issues the online University has dealt with, we found another great article, this time addressing the actual revenues and projected earnings in 2004. The article states that for the quarter, ending May 31st 2004, the University of Phoenix Online actually “[outpaced] the campus-based segment. Online revenue increased 60% in the quarter to $233.3 million. The company [anticipated] the year-end revenue [would] be about $832 million, up 57% over 2003.” The article also shows that the University of Phoenix Online is actually a subsidiary of the Apollo Group, a major contributor to the rise in E-Learning. http://web.ebscohost.com.jproxy.lib.ecu.edu/ehost/pdf?vid=2&hid=17&sid=c2cd7932-823a-46ce-957d-bb10da4187dc%40sessionmgr9 <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">3. Key words, and sources that we discovered after narrowing the topic “E-Learning”, to the massive revenues made from E-learning, and then to the revenues generated by the largest E-Learning University, the University of Phoenix Online: <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">**Key terms out of search: “Distance Learning”, Blended Learning” “Pedagogical Approached to DL”. “For Profit Education” “Diploma Mills”** <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">**Bibliographic list of DL journals and books:** <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">**Websites**
 * 1) <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">**Why Chose E-Learning**
 * 1) <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">**How was the Search Narrowed?**
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">// Learner-Centered Theory and Practice in Distance Education: Cases from Higher Education //, by ** Thomas M. Duffy and Jamie R. Kirkley, editors **, Cloth, Publication Date: 2004, ISBN: 0-8058-4577-1, Available from: Lawrence Erlbaum
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">// Learning Together Online: Research on Asynchronous Learning Networks // (2005), edited by ** Roxanne Hiltz and Ricki Goldman ** has just become available from Lawrence Erlbaum Publishers. ISBN 0-8058-4866-5 (cloth), ISBN 0-8058-5255-7 (paper)
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">// Thwarted Innovation: What Happened to eLearning and Why // by ** Robert Zemsky and William F. Massy **, was published online in June 2004 as a report for the Weatherstation Project of the Learning Alliance for Higher Education at the University of Pennsylvania. Reviewed by J.Bourne, F. Mayadas and J. Moore of the Sloan Consortium.
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Gerardo E. de los Santos, Alfredo G. de los Santos Jr., and Mark David Milliron, Editors, //From Digital Divide to Digital Democracy//. League for Innovation.
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Norm Nielsen, Dee Baird, Boo Browning, and Mark David Milliron, Editors, //Building a Workforce System through Partnering//. League for Innovation. Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif"> Larry W. Tyree, Mark David Milliron, and Gerardo E. de los Santos, Editors, // The Leadership Dialogues: Community College Case Studies to Consider // . League for Innovation.
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Jaishree Odin of the University of Hawaii reviews Computing in the Social Sciences and Humanities . Ed. Orville Vernon Burton. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2002. Review in press at On the Horizon
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Jaishree Odin of the University of Hawaii reviews Gilly Salmon's E-tivities The Key to Active Online Learning . London, Kogan Page, Ltd., 2002. Review in press at On the Horizon
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Janet Moore of Olin College reviews the National Research Council's report, Preparing for the Revolution: Information Technology and the Future of the Research University. National Acadamies of Sciences, November 2002. Review in press at On the Horizon
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Michael G. Moore and William G. Anderson, eds. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., 2003
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif"> Judith V. Boettcher and Rita-Marie Conrad, // Faculty Guide for Moving Teaching and Learning to the Web, Second Edition. // League for Innovation.
 * http://www.learnframe.com/company/news/pressrel/20010524.asp
 * <span style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif">wi.wu-wien.ac.at/~mendling/publications/05-WI.pdf
 * http://www.allbusiness.com/technology/computer-software/411921-1.html
 * http://web.ebscohost.com.jproxy.lib.ecu.edu/ehost/detail?vid=1&hid=2&sid=880185ec-ba9a-414c-a724-4a7544250bab%40SRCSM2
 * http://web.ebscohost.com.jproxy.lib.ecu.edu/ehost/detail?vid=1&hid=17&sid=d201f07a-60c4-475d-b9b0-f92e7e5a5b82%40sessionmgr2
 * http://web.ebscohost.com.jproxy.lib.ecu.edu/ehost/pdf?vid=2&hid=17&sid=c2cd7932-823a-46ce-957d-bb10da4187dc%40sessionmgr9